Life in Cuba
Latin America & Caribbean · upper-middle-income · capital Havana
World Bank country code CUB · ISO CU · Data sources
Live a life in Cuba
Start from this country's own statistics — its mortality curve, its income level, its school system — and play the years out: what happens if you leave school at fifteen, or take the job that is offered, or move to the capital.
Start a life in CubaThe statistics behind the simulation
Each figure shows the year it was observed. A missing row means the World Bank does not report that indicator for Cuba — not that the value is zero.
| Indicator | Value | Year |
|---|---|---|
Life expectancy at birth The average number of years a newborn would live if the year's mortality rates held for their whole life. | 78.3 years | 2024 |
Infant mortality Babies who die before their first birthday, per 1,000 live births. | 6.8 per 1,000 | 2024 |
Under-5 mortality Children who die before their fifth birthday, per 1,000 live births. | 8.6 per 1,000 | 2024 |
Fertility rate The average number of children a woman is expected to have over her lifetime. | 1.45 | 2024 |
Adult literacy rate The share of people aged 15 and over who can read and write a short simple statement about their everyday life. | 97.7% | 2019 |
Government education spending Public spending on education as a share of total output. | 8.4% | 2022 |
Government health spending Public spending on health as a share of total output. | 9.4% | 2023 |
Urban population The share of people living in urban areas. | 77.2% | 2024 |
Youth unemployment The share of the labour force aged 15–24 that is without work and looking for it. | 1.8% | 2024 |
Population Total population. | 10,979,783 | 2024 |
Birth rate Crude birth rate: births per 1,000 population per year. | 8.6 | 2024 |
Secondary school enrolment Total enrolment in secondary school, regardless of age, as a percentage of the official age group. | 91.7% | 2024 |
Female labour force participation The share of women aged 15 and over in work or actively looking for work. | 40.4% | 2024 |
Maternal mortality Deaths during pregnancy and childbirth per 100,000 live births. | 35 per 100,000 | 2023 |
What these numbers mean
A newborn in Cuba can expect to live 78.3 years, above the dataset median of 74.7 years. Infant mortality runs at 6.8 deaths per 1,000 live births (2024), so roughly 7 in every thousand babies do not reach their first birthday. The fertility rate is 1.45 births per woman (2024) — below replacement level, so the simulation's households tend to be small. Adult literacy stands at 97.7% (2019), so schooling in the simulation starts close to universal here. Public spending on education is 8.4% of output (2022), which is the share of national resources the simulation's schooling decisions are competing for. 77.2% of people live in urban areas (2024), so where you start — village, town, city or capital — is a real difference in what the same life can offer.
Other countries in Latin America & Caribbean
- Uruguay78.3 yrs · 2024
- Turks and Caicos Islands78.2 yrs · 2024
- Peru77.9 yrs · 2024
- Colombia77.9 yrs · 2024
- Antigua and Barbuda77.8 yrs · 2024
- Ecuador77.6 yrs · 2024
- Argentina77.5 yrs · 2024
- British Virgin Islands77.4 yrs · 2024
- Curacao77.0 yrs · 2024
- Panama79.8 yrs · 2024
- Sint Maarten (Dutch part)76.5 yrs · 2024
- Aruba76.5 yrs · 2024
Where Cuba sits within Latin America & Caribbean
Of the 42 countries in Latin America & Caribbean that report life expectancy, Cuba sits above the regional median, at 78.3 years against a regional median of 75.7. 8 countries report a higher figure and 33 report a lower one.
| Indicator | Cuba | Latin America & Caribbean median | Latin America & Caribbean range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life expectancy | 78.3 | 75.7 | 65.1 – 81.9 |
| Infant mortality | 6.8 | 12.0 | 3.0 – 39.0 |
| Adult literacy | 97.7% | 94.7% | 82.1% – 99.1% |
| Fertility rate | 1.4 | 1.6 | 0.9 – 2.7 |
| Urban population | 77.2% | 71.8% | 24.4% – 100.0% |
| Education spending | 8.4% | 3.9% | 1.0% – 8.4% |
Ranges cover every country in the region that reports the indicator, in the year each country last reported it. Medians are unweighted, so a large country and a small one count the same.
Where Cuba shows up in the topics
These pages put Cuba's figures next to the other 216 countries, for the indicators that shape the decisions in the simulation.
- Child marriage around the worldFertility rate · Secondary school enrolment · Female labour-force participation
- Gender and schooling around the worldAdult literacy rate · Secondary school enrolment · Female labour-force participation
- Child labour statistics by countrySecondary school enrolment · Adult literacy rate · Poverty rate
- Schooling costs and enrolment by countryGovernment education spending · Secondary school enrolment · Adult literacy rate
- Fertility and family size by countryFertility rate · Birth rate · Maternal mortality
- Marriage and family life by countryFertility rate · Female labour-force participation · Life expectancy at birth
About these figures
The statistics above are national averages from the World Bank Open Data, retrieved 2026-11-01 and released under World Bank data is released under CC BY 4.0. National averages do not describe any individual life, and this page does not rank Cuba against other countries. Life expectancy reflects a country's mortality conditions as a whole, which include healthcare access, income distribution, nutrition, sanitation and public safety — the simulation uses it as a risk curve, not as a measure of the people who live there.